大禹遗风
作者
鲁西北平原中部、黄河以北50公里处,有一座古典传承的城市——德州禹城。禹城因“大禹治水”而得名。
禹城历史悠久,文化丰厚,是大禹治水之域,酿酒之乡,扒鸡之城,龙山文化发祥地之一。夏商时属九州之兖州,唐朝天宝元年(公元742年)设禹城县。1993年9月撤县设市。
大禹生于公元前22世纪末21世纪初。早在4000多年前,大禹曾在禹城境域率众治水而闻名九州。那时洪水滔天,百姓处于水深火热之中。鲧治水9年而无效,被舜处死。鲧的儿子禹继承父业,采用疏导的方法,苦战13年,终于战胜洪水,使千里沼泽变成粮田。大禹先后开通了“九河”,即徒骇河、太史河、马颊河、复釜河、胡苏河、简河、结河、钩盘河、鬲津河与黄河形成了三角洲。
大禹治水经过禹城县时,为查看水势,在城西十里处率百姓聚土成丘,堆成一个“高十仞,广倍之”的土疙瘩,这就是“具丘”。明代或明代以前,有人在具丘上建筑了一个亭子,取名“禹迹”,以此来颂扬禹的功绩。禹迹被毁坏后,为纪念大禹的功劳,张邑侯在原地修建了一座禹王庙。
清朝康熙年间,禹王庙又破落不堪了。甲午年间,禹城知县曾九皋,答应百姓的请求,“复草创焉,塑像焉,置田数亩,招僧而祝之。”从此以后,“禹王庙”改称“禹王亭”,为禹城八景之一,位于禹城市十里望乡,因大禹治水遗址而构建。它由山门,前、后大院大殿,东、西钟鼓楼,两侧配殿和后山突起的禹王亭构成串联式景观。千百年来,大禹之功德深受百姓民众之尊崇。
据此,禹王亭已名扬齐鲁四方。当地政府于1997年修建了禹王亭博物馆,占地9公顷。该公园由一个坐北朝南的大院落(内有禹王大殿、东西配殿、钟鼓楼等)、具丘遗迹、禹王亭和人工湖组成。其结构新颖、紧凑、气势恢弘,古朴典雅。大院落南首是一牌坊式山门,门上方为清朝乾隆皇帝題写的“禹王亭”手迹,是集考古、研讨、观光、旅游、娱乐为一体的一座文化公园。其中,具丘山遗址于1997年被列为省级重点文物保护单位,属龙山文化古遗址。
为弘扬大禹精神,发掘大禹文化,于1996年在禹西S101与S316省道交会处置建了大禹铜雕像。于2003年6月13日将雕像移置于城东外环,并构建了大禹文化碑墙景观。大禹雕像背西面东,眺望导河入海处,巍然矗立。昭示大千民众,祈望风调雨顺,国泰民安,禹泽千秋。禹王雕像是禹城市标志性雕像,大禹治水“三过家门而不入”的故事,成为世代禹城人学习的榜样。
禹城,可谓大禹之乡,禹王遗址而盛名。禹城系华北平原的组成部分,土质深厚肥沃,坡度平缓,土层主要由黄河泥沙历经冲积而形成。该市通过历年放淤造田,治碱改土、发展灌溉、建设稳产高产田,成为粮、棉等作物的重要生产基地。由于地处良好的生态环境条件,“禹西”已成为生态观光的农业园。
The Relic of Yu the Great
In the central area of the Northwest Plain of Shandong, where is 50 kilometers to the north of the Yellow River, there is an ancient city called Yucheng (Yu City), which is named after Yu the Great, who was an ancient hero in prehistoric times famous for controlling floods. Yucheng has a time-honored history with a rich culture and is one of the birthplaces of the Longshan Culture. More than 4,000 years ago, Yu the Great used to lead the people in controlling floods here.
Yuwangting (King Yu Pavilion) Museum is located in an area to the northwest of downtown Yucheng, some three kilometers away from the downtown area. The museum covers a land area of nine hectares and was opened in 1997. The museum is made up of one big courtyard in which there are the Yuwang (King Yu) Hall, Eastern and Western Wing Halls, and Bell Tower, the relics site of Ju Qiu, Yuwang (King Yu) Pavilion and an artificial lake. The sculpture of Yu the Great is the symbolic sculpture of Yucheng. The story about Yu the Great refusing to return home when passing by his house on his way to control floods has become a model for the people of Yucheng.
作者 贾元德