养马岛蛤蜊
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蛤蜊,烟台人称它为「蛤」(gǎ),长在浅海岸里,就像大地上的小草一样广袤。但它不会枯萎,不会发黄,也不用春风吹,只要有海水有泥沙,它就鲜活靓丽,生生不息。两把可爱的小扇子粘合在一起,中间被充满了气,圆鼓鼓的,礁石色的扇面上印刻着水草似的花纹,远看像花儿一样,这美丽的蛤,被称作「养马岛花蛤」,肥美清鲜,最受烟台人喜欢。
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养马岛,一座海上仙岛,卧在神奇的北纬 37 度纬线上,还长着一粒四季豆的鲜绿模样。崖上是苍劲的松翠,崖下是绿莹莹的海水,终年接受风浪的洗礼。海草肥美,海水清澈,说不尽的旖旎。且不说,海参、扇贝、鲍鱼、对虾、牡蛎、天鹅蛋都喜欢依附着小岛而生,单是那养马岛的海岸独有的大花蛤就一窝一窝地潜在岛前那一岸肥沃的黑泥沙里,每当大潮退去,任你挖个够。
蛤的鲜,是一种无法形容的鲜,它的鲜就如同样不起眼的胶东大白菜,鲜得朴实,鲜得清白、鲜得寡淡。它又有些像荷花,长在淤泥里却出淤泥而不染,吐沙泥而自净,浑身雪白。它个子不大,长相普通,不需要驾船远行也不需要多大气力,一年四季都能轻易地吃到。可以自己去赶海,也可以到市场上去,还可以在养马岛大桥的桥头附近,那些围着艳头巾的渔妇刚从退潮的淤泥里挖出来,放在盆里、放进桶里卖。加入海水的蛤缓着沙喷着水,蛤身上靓丽的花纹像一个个艺术品,在水光里晶莹着,绚烂着,散发着诱人的鲜亮。
买回去的蛤同样放进水盆里,加少许的盐,不多会儿,蛤就张开了嘴,伸出细长的舌头,喷出一尺多高的水珠。此起彼伏,还「咯吱咯吱」地唱着歌儿。
缓净了沙的蛤多半会炒着吃。「辣炒蛤」就是最经典的一道菜,炒着简单,吃着鲜美,最受烟台人喜欢。夏天可用青椒炒,余时用干红椒。有朋从内地来,一口海鲜不沾,嫌螃蟹太香、鱼肉太腻、爬虾吃着扎嘴巴。当用干红辣椒、葱姜蒜加生抽烹锅后炒出来的壳浅色艳、鲜气沁人、肥而不腻、易嚼还带点艮劲儿的养马岛花蛤端在他面前时,他的筷子就放不下了,边吃边夸:好一个滑嫩清鲜的蛤。
古人咏蛤:「栖身未厌泥沙稳,爽口还充鼎俎鲜。」高蛋白低脂肪含多种矿物质和微量元素,营养极其丰富的小蛤蜊,无论蒸烤炒煮,怎么吃都鲜。蛤的鲜美尤其在于它的汤汁,所以烟台人喜用清白的蛤汤、蛤肉与翠绿鲜嫩的芸豆一起开面卤,清极、淡极、鲜极,烟台的手擀面也就负有了盛名。
仙岛生鲜蛤,养马岛的蛤之所以鲜,就不足为怪了。
The clam, called Ga by Yantai locals, grows in the shallow sea in an expanse as wide as the grass in the land. However, it will not wither or yellow and does not need the spring breeze. It grows vibrant and beautiful constantly as long as there is sea water and sand. Like two lovely small fans stuck together full of air between them, it is round with a waterweed-like pattern on its rock-colored sector, looking like a flower when being looked from afar. The beautiful clam is called the “clam on Yangma Island.”Plump and delicious, it is the favorite of Yantai locals.
Yangma Island, an offshore fairy island situated on the magical 37th parallel north, is home to green beans. On the cliff are hardy pines and below the cliff is green sea water. It weathers the baptism of winds and waves all year long. The delicious sea weeds and limpid sea water reveal untold beauty. To say nothing of the sea cucumbers, scallops, abalones, prawns, oysters and Washington clams that like to grow by small islands, the clams typical of the coast of the Yangma Island hide in the fertile black sand in swarms in front of the island. When the sea ebbs, you can dig for it to your heart’s content.
作者 范雅琳